un Projects is based on the unceded sovereign land and waters of the Wurundjeri and Boon Wurrung people of the Kulin Nation; we pay our respects to their Elders past and present.
un Projects

A History of the Lang Family

by

Late last year I went up to Bendigo for the launch of Chunxiao Qu’s poetry book at the La Trobe Art Institute. My partner and I decided to stay overnight because we had heard about a huge population of bats that live in a park there and we also wanted to check out a few of the town’s second-hand bookstores.

Page 79 of A History of the Lang Family. My suspicions were raised yet again the following year. Mari and my mother had been sharing a storage shed at the apartment complex, but around 1986 Mari insisted that she needed the entire space. Mother liked Mari, she told me, so I helped her haul out several cardboard boxes—most of which were rubbish anyway. Soon afterwards, every time I walked past the closed shed door I'd notice a familiar smell—a combination of linseed oil and some kind of solvent. It immediately took me back to working at the NGV, walking past the conservation room where conservators were painstakingly restoring old masterpieces. Mother had mentioned that Mari worked in some kind of picture-framing business, so I presumed that she may have also been trying her hand at oil painting. The Collingwood apartment complex was small, so the rubbish bins were a communal affair. One evening, I noticed an exhibition brochure stuffed (continued in next image)

For my PhD I am researching art forgery in the twentieth century here in so-called Australia and these regional bookstores can yield some absolute gems — often self-publications which record what may previously have been oral histories and knowledge. For example, some books contain stories about long-hidden paintings and artworks that had mysteriously vanished. That Saturday, after marvelling at the bats for ten minutes, we walked over to the closest bookstore.

Page 80. (continued from last image) in amongst the old newspapers and pizza boxes. McCubbin was one of mother’s favourite painters—a reproduction of The Pioneer hung in our living room—so I fished it out. To my bemusement, there was a small plate (an image reproduction) stuck down on the front page. Two things struck me about this image: firstly that the glue was still sticky, and secondly that it was a portrait of a chicken, called The Old Cock. I'd never seen this McCubbin before. Nevertheless I dusted it off and gave it to mother, who was delighted. What really piqued my suspicions, and began my active investigation of Mari, was, however, the image opposite. I found this in the rubbish several days later—painted in oils, as if someone was practicing McCubbin’s signature over and over again (see page 81). After this discovery, I started carrying my camera around. I wanted to see what Mari was up to in the shed. In April 1987, I saw my chance—Mari must have accidentally left the door unlocked. Late that evening I snuck downstairs and turning on the camera’s flash, snapped a photo into the darkness (see page 82). Several weeks later I was in luck again. A plumber had come past to check the hot water system, which was in the shed. This time I got a proper look: inside was a large, red oriental folding screen with several panels. I still couldn't put the pieces together in my head, until my last and most surprising encounter. It was June 1987 when another neighbour—an elderly man who lived between us and Mari—managed to set his kitchen alight with his toaster. Thankfully the fire was quite small and no-one was injured, but the fire brigade showed up regardless. We were all evacuated while they checked the building, however as the residents huddled outside together, Mari was nowhere to be seen. Mother was alarmed, and alerted the firefighters. Perhaps I had an ulterior motive, but I volunteered to take a firefighter up to Maris apartment, where they broke open the front door.

Amongst about twenty books on Ned Kelly, I found a medium-sized paperback titled A History of the Lang Family written by an R N Lang. It appeared to be a 2006 proof copy of a self-published book. Perhaps the author had never even ordered a proper print run? This book struck me not for the title or author but for the following pages which are reproduced here in un Magazine 17.1 RESIST.

Lang mostly writes of her employment at the National Gallery of Victoria during the 1980s, however, in a chapter titled ‘My Neighbour Matsumoto,’ she recounts a story, accompanied by images, of what she believed to be an egregious case of art forgery. Lang claims that her neighbour, a Japanese woman named Mari Matsumoto, was forging oil paintings and passing them off as genuine works of the Australian Impressionists.

While compelling, I cannot account for the veracity of Lang’s claim except on one point. In 2011, a painting previously believed to be by Frederick McCubbin, The red screen (1914), was found to be a modern forgery and estimated to have been painted in the second half of the twentieth century. The red screen was purchased by the National Gallery of Australia in 2010 (the image no longer appears on their website). Lang claims in her book that she saw evidence of the forgery being produced by Matsumoto in 1987.

Page 81. A piece of paper with 10 F McCubbin signatures), below the text continues. In the small space, it was immediately clear that Mari wasn't home, however what I did see astonished me: leaning up against all the walls were dozens of oil paintings in the style of McCubbin, Arthur Streeton, Tom Roberts, and the like. I was kicking myself that I didn't have my camera, although the firefighter was still with me anyway. While I was only in Mari's apartment for a few minutes, I'm certain that what I did see has subsequently turned up as “genuine” paintings. In particular, I remember a strange composition: a long, thin canvas showing an interior scene, furnished with both the red screen I had seen in Mari’s shed, and The Old Cock on the wall. McCubbin's signature appeared at the bottom. Had Mari been building the screen to use as a prop, as McCubbin himself had? I'll never know… but in 2006, this same painting (now named The Red Screen) appeared in a Sotheby's catalogue, attributed to McCubbin and apparently painted in 1914.

I will let Lang’s text speak for itself, however, if even a fraction of it is true, art historians and lovers of the Australian Impressionists will have to grapple with the following question: what if many of these icons of nationalism were fakes, painted by a Japanese woman in the late 1980s?

Page 82. A photo that's half taken-up by the plant the photographer was hiding behind. You can see a paper with four long images taped to a board. Caption: April, 1987: a surreptitiously taken photograph at Easey St., Collingwood. I hid behind a large plant at the entrance to Mari's shed / studio. Photo through a doorway on the painted screen. Caption: April, 1987: this photograph was taken two weeks after the one above The screen was painted bright red with white birds, exactly the same as the fake paintings I had seen.
Page 83. Above: photograph of McCubbin in his studio, probably at the National Gallery School studio, circa 1893. Notice the Japanese screen behind him. Left: this reproduction is taken from a Sotheby's catalogue, where it was being o sold as The Red Screen (circa 1914) by McCubbin. This is the painting I saw in Mari's shed in 1987, but never managed to get a photo.

Amy May Stuart is an artist in Naarm (Melbourne). Amongst other things, she is also the co-director of Kings Artist-Run, teaches at Monash University (MADA) and is an editorial assistant for the publisher Discipline and Parrhesia journal.

Emily Morel is a PhD candidate at The University of Melbourne. Her research focuses on twentieth-century art forgery, particularly within Australia. She has published in the journals Australian Institute for the Conservation of Cultural Materials Bulletin and Studies in Conservation.